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- 24th May 1994
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- Support Group Application Note
- Number: 249
- Issue: 1.13
- Author: DW
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-
- Connection of Monitors to Acorn Computers
-
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- This Application Note describes how various monitors may be connected to the
- Acorn family of machines, and how the machine may be suitably configured to
- use them. Information concerning MonitorTypes 4 and 5 (VGA and SVGA) are
- applicable to RISC OS 3.1 only.
-
-
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- Applicable Hardware:
-
- BBC Model B
- BBC Master Series
- Archimedes 300,400,540
- A3000
- R140, R200 series
- A3010
- A3020
- A4000
- A5000
-
- Related Application Notes: (226) Video parameters for Archimedes series
- (247) Sharing Multiscan monitors and TV Displays
- on a Single RISC OS Computer
-
-
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- Copyright (C) 1994 Acorn Computers Limited
-
- Every effort has been made to ensure that the information in this leaflet is
- true and correct at the time of printing. However, the products described in
- this leaflet are subject to continuous development and improvements and
- Acorn Computers Limited reserves the right to change its specifications at
- any time. Acorn Computers Limited cannot accept liability for any loss or
- damage arising from the use of any information or particulars in this
- leaflet. ACORN, ECONET and ARCHIMEDES are trademarks of Acorn Computers
- Limited.
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Support Group
- Acorn Computers Limited
- Acorn House
- Vision Park
- Histon
- Cambridge
- CB4 4AE
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- Video signals and Standards
-
- Acorn RISC OS 3 systems are capable of connecting to displays conformant with
- several industry-standard video specifications; each of these distinguished
- by the value of the MonitorType variable held in battery-backed memory. The
- value assigned to this variable may be examined from the command line using
- *STATUS, and changed using *CONFIGURE MONITORTYPE <number>.
-
- MonitorType 0: Televisions and TV Scan-Rate Monitors
-
- Many TVs are now equipped with Peritel (SCART) input sockets. This type of
- socket was also fitted to the early Acorn AKF11 and AKF12 monitors, which are
- based on the Philips 8833 Mk II chassis. Before attempting to connect an Acorn
- computer to such an input, it is wise to check in the display's documentation
- whether the SCART input is compliant with the SENELEC standard; if the
- documentation is not specific, contact the manufacturer of the display. As a
- rule-of-thumb guide, the R, G and B signals should not be driven negative.
-
- For machines other than the A3000, a standard passive SCART lead may be used;
- however, as the A3000 PSU is unable to provide the +12V required to switch
- during blanking (line flyback) under the SENELEC signal standard, an "active"
- cable (Acorn Product Code AKA77) is available via Acorn dealers. This cable
- contains a circuit module which ramps the +5V signal to the required +12V level.
-
- In order to produce the composite sync required by the TV, the computer must
- be configured using
-
- *CONFIGURE SYNC 1
-
- at the command line (press F12 from the Desktop) followed by a Ctrl-Break to
- put the change into effect.
-
- When connecting monitors which require composite sync, note that the machines
- in the Acorn range which are equipped with a 15 way D connector for video output
- supply the CSync signal on pin 14, not pin 13.
- If the computer is equipped with both a D type "video out" connector and a UHF
- modulator, picture quality will generally be better when the "video out" is
- connected to the Peritel connector on the TV. The computer's video signal will
- appear in the TV frequency range designated "Channel 36" in the TV standards.
-
- It is known that a small number of models of Teletext-equipped TV produce an
- indistinct picture when used with an A3010 via the UHF modulator; this problem
- may usually be resolved by switching the TV into Teletext mode, in order to
- force the TV to accept the alternative input.
-
- In addition, it may be necessary, when using a TV with multiple input
- connectors, to make adjustments to the controls of the TV so that the input
- being used by the computer has first priority; consult your TV documentation if
- this is an issue.
-
- A list of Acorn TV scan-rate monitors (MonitorType 0) is given below, along
- with their pinouts:
-
- <Insert DrawFile "Fig1">
-
- Figure 1: Acorn AKF11 / AKF12 Pinout (standard SCART Peritel)
-
- The AKF11 and AKF12 also have digital (RGB TTL) signal inputs, so a BBC Master
- or Model B may be connected:
-
- <Insert DrawFile "Fig2">
-
- Figure 2: AKF11 / AKF12 RGB TTL pinout
-
- <Insert DrawFile "Fig3">
-
- Figure 3: AKF17 pinout
-
- <Insert DrawFile "Fig4">
-
- Figure 4: AKF30 / AKF40 pinout
-
- NB. The AKF17 pinout above is the pinout of the connector actually on the
- rear of the monitor, and NOT of the end of the patch lead which connects it
- to the computer.
-
- It is also possible to connect a Model B or Master to an AKF17 / 30 / 40;
- however, some series resistors need to be fitted to bring the line level
- down fom 1.66V to the 1.4V acceptable by the monitor. 120 Ohm, 0.25W, 5%
- tolerance resistors in each of the R, G and B lines should reduce the level
- to about 1.0V.
- This lead can be ordered from an Acorn dealer as product code ANG17.
-
- <Insert DrawFile "Fig5">
-
- Figure 5: Wiring Diagram to connect Model B / Master to AKF17
-
- MonitorType 1: Multiscan
-
- Multiscan monitors such as the AKF50 and AKF52 are capable of displaying
- screen modes with a range of horizontal and vertical scan frequencies; the
- Acorn range of machines comprising the Archimedes 540, R200 Series, A5000,
- A4000, A3020 and A3010 are capable of producing output with horizontal scan
- frequency between 15kHz and 61kHz (see Application Note 226). Generally,
- multiscan monitors require the horizontal and vertical sync signals to be
- supplied by the computer separately, which may be achieved using
-
- *CONFIGURE SYNC 0
-
- followed by a Ctrl-Break.
-
- In the case of monitors which require a cable terminating in separate R, G,
- B, Horizontal and Vertical Syncs, these may be obtained from Videk.
-
- Most multiscan monitors will not be able to display the full range of screen
- modes; however, Acorn's AKF50 and AKF52 can, with the exception of Mode 23.
- Acorn's newest Multiscan monitor, the AKF85, as supplied optionally with the
- Risc PC, can support all the same modes as the AKF50 and AKF52, in addition
- to all the extended definitions provided by the Risc PC. These
- high-specification monitors may display some of the lower-resolution screen
- modes in a "letterbox" format; however, they can be adjusted (or in the case
- of the AKF85, programmed) to alter the aspect ratio of the displayed screen
- so that the effect is minimised.
-
- <Insert DrawFile "Fig6">
-
- Figure 6: AKF18 / AKF50 / AKF52 / AKF60 pinout
-
- <Insert DrawFile "Fig7">
-
- Figure 7: AKF85 pinout
-
- The AKF60 and AKF85 are compliant with the DPMS (Display Power Management
- System) VESA / EC standard, and may be switched into a low power consumption
- state by shutting off one of the sync signals. The facility to control DPMS
- is only available on the Acorn Risc PC range; please consult the manual
- supplied with your monitor for further details on the DPMS modes available.
-
-
- MonitorType 2: High Resolution Mono
-
- These monitors are designed for specialised use with CAD, DTP or UNIX
- applications, and are usually very large; they are only capable of being run
- in screen mode 23. Generally, they also require separate syncs.
-
- MonitorType 3: VGA
-
- VGA was developed as a display standard by IBM in 1986, and has a horizontal
- scan rate of roughly 31.5 kHz, with separate syncs. VGA monitors are capable
- of displaying a large subset of Acorn screen modes; see Application Note 226
- for further details.
-
- MonitorType 4: SVGA
-
- SVGA and the related XGA are the current display standards for many IBM
- compatible desktop computers and compatibles. They also scan horizontally at
- 36 kHz, but have a larger number of pixels per scanned line than VGA. Again,
- SVGA monitors can display a large subset of Acorn screen modes, and
- Application Note 226 supplies the relevant list.
-
- Monitor standards currently not supported without external hardware adaptors
- are the class of monitors which require their Sync signal to be mixed into
- part of the extreme frequency spectrum of the Green signal.
-
- For further information on connector pinouts and cable wiring diagrams
- required to connect third party monitors to Acorn computers, refer to the
- relevant Appendix in the Welcome Guide supplied with the computer.
-
- Monitor Connection Adaptors
-
- Prior to the A5000, RISC OS machines were equipped with primarily a 9 pin D
- type video connector, although the Archimedes 400 series also had a pair of
- BNC connectors to supply high-resolution mono monitors. In the case of Acorn
- multiscan monitors such as the AKF50 and AKF52, the monitors are equipped with
- 15 pin D connectors. Adaptors to enable these monitors to be connected to
- earlier Archimedes, and for earlier monitors to be connected to current machines,
- may be obtained from Interconnections or Videk.
-
- Interconnections Part number 12.01.15.MB.510M will enable a computer equipped
- with a 15 pin video output to be connected to a monitor with a 9 pin input.
- Interconnections Part number 12.01.15.MB.510F will enable a computer equipped
- with a 9 pin video output to be connected to a monitor with a 15 pin input.
-
- Should you require them, signal allocations for the computer video outputs are
- detailed in the Welcome Guide / Installation Manual accompanying the computer.
-
- VIDC Enhancers
-
- These devices are for use in earlier Archimedes machines, such as 300 and 400
- series, the A3000 and the R140. In these machines, the video controller was
- clocked at 24MHz, and hence was only able to provide a sufficiently fast data
- stream to update a medium-resolution display. The Enhancers generally comprise
- a 36MHz crystal and a switching system to enable the VIDC to be driven at
- 36MHz and thus be able to handle high-resolution displays. From the Archimedes
- 540 onwards, this system was built in as a standard feature.
- VIDC Enhancers are not supplied or recommended by Acorn, and their fitting
- involves soldering.
-
- For those who decide to go ahead and fit an Enhancer, lack of software
- switching in the enhancer may cause the computer to power up in a mode which
- provides other than 24MHz to VIDC; this will result in the Power-on Self Test
- in RISC OS 3.1 reporting video errors. The VIDC test, along with the long RAM
- test which is carried out, may be disabled by setting bit 7 of byte &BC in
- battery-backed memory; the following BASIC program allows this to be done:
-
- REM Set state of VIDCTest bit in CMOS
-
- SYS 6,161,188 TO ,,A%: REM read the value
- SYS 6,162,188,(A% OR 1<<7): REM write it back with bit 7 set
- END
-
- In addition, this program may prove useful to users of VGA and SVGA monitors,
- which can be unsynchronised for several seconds when the machine is reset.
-
- Useful Contacts
-
- Interconnections Ltd
- 32 Guildford Road
- Bisley
- Woking
- Surrey GU24 9AD
-
- Tel: 0483 797418
-
- Videk
- Unit 10
- Bowman Trading Estate
- Westmorland Road
- London NW9 9RW
-
- Tel: 081 204 6690